diff --git a/_psets/7.md b/_psets/7.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..89c0965cceae8bcbc7c153aa0459ddccc51c7791 --- /dev/null +++ b/_psets/7.md @@ -0,0 +1,84 @@ +--- +title: Problem Set 7 +--- + +## (9.1) + +{:.question} +Optics (as well as most of physics) can be derived from a global law as well as a local one, in this +case Fermat’s Principle: a light ray chooses the path between two points that minimizes the time to +travel between them. Apply this to two points on either side of a dielectric interface to derive +Snell’s Law. + + +## (9.2) + +### (a) + +{:.question} +Use Fresnel’s equations and the Poynting vectors to find the reflectivity and transmissivity of a +dielectric interface, defined by the ratios of incoming and outgoing energy. + +### (b) + +{:.question} +For a glass–air interface (n = 1.5) what is the reflectivity at normal incidence? + +### (c) + +{:.question} +What is the Brewster angle? + +### (d) + +{:.question} +What is the critical angle? + + +## (9.3) + +{:.question} +Consider a wave at normal incidence to a dielectric layer with index $$n_2$$ and thickness $$d$$ +between layers with indices $$n_1$$ and $$n_3$$. + +### (a) + +{:.question} +What is the reflectivity? Think about matching the boundary conditions, or about the multiple +reflections. + +### (b) + +{:.question} +Can you find values for $$n_2$$ and $$d$$ such that the reflection vanishes? + + +## (9.4) + +{:.question} +Consider a ray starting with a height $$r_0$$ and some slope, a distance $$d_1$$ away from a thin +lens with focal length $$f$$. Use ray matrices to find the image plane where all rays starting at +this point rejoin, and discuss the magnification of the height $$r_0$$. + + +## (9.5) + +{:.question} +Common CD players use an AlGaAs laser with a 790 nm wavelength. + +### (a) + +{:.question} +The pits that are read on a CD have a diameter of roughly $$1 \si{\mu m}$$ and the optics are +diffraction-limited; what is the beam divergence angle? + +### (b) + +{:.question} +Assuming the same geometry, what wavelength laser would be needed to read $$0.1 \si{\mu m}$$ pits? + +### (c) + +{:.question} +How large must a telescope mirror be if it is to be able to read a car’s license plate in visible +light ($$\lambda \approx 600 \si{nm}$$) from a Low Earth Orbit (LEO) of 200 km?