diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 4acf11328cb9db5a938f983d6076b8e2112119af..d933dec7e7e30276a825e56604436adcba66604f 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -1,3 +1,10 @@
+
+## Challenge
+
+
+## Links for Srugical Masks, N95, Respirators etc
+- https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/personal-protective-equipment-infection-control/n95-respirators-and-surgical-masks-face-masks
+
## Electrospinning Apparatus
### System Components & Process Parameters
- Syringe Pump
diff --git a/index.html b/index.html
index 77bc8cfa0f9e8da3ed2eb9bd65ea5756cbf2455d..b3d706d861b19b3796aad21b4092097dab883dd7 100644
--- a/index.html
+++ b/index.html
@@ -78,45 +78,69 @@
<h2>A. Filters: Design Specs</h2>
<br>
- <p class ="lead text-justify">
- 1. ISO fittings to mate with the tubing.<br>
- 2. Filtration Efficiency for Covid19. <br>
- 3. Low Resistance to flow.<br>
-
- We will have to trade off specifications for Rqmts 2 and 3.
- If the filter is too restrictive, the patient has to work too hard to breath.
- It meets the resistance by increasing the surface area, you will have a successful design.
+
+ <p class="lead text-justify">
+ We aim to rapidly fabricate membranous filter media against the COVID-19 virus while minimising
+ breathing resistance in respiratory applications.
+ Our design goals are to maximise COVID-19 filtration efficiency and minimize pressure drop (air flow
+ resistance) across the membrane so that the patient doesn't have to work too hard to breath.
<br>
- <a href = "https://gitlab.cba.mit.edu/camblackburn/filter_testing#fn2-7883" class="text-primary" class="nav-link"> Filter Testing Metrics from Camron</a>
+ <a href="https://gitlab.cba.mit.edu/camblackburn/filter_testing#fn2-7883" class="text-primary"
+ class="nav-link"> Filter Testing Metrics from Camron</a>
</p>
+
<p class="lead text-justify">
- Press here for link to: <a href="https://www.intersurgical.com/products/airway-management/floguard-low-resistance-breathing-filter-for-cpap-and-bilevel#downloads"
- class="text-primary" class="nav-link">
- Commercial Flo-Guard Breathing Filters</a>
+ Commercial respiratory filter media that meet regulatory metrics are linked HERE: <a
+ href="https://www.intersurgical.com/products/airway-management/floguard-low-resistance-breathing-filter-for-cpap-and-bilevel#downloads"
+ class="text-primary" class="nav-link">
+ Commercial Flo-Guard Breathing Filters</a>.
</p>
- <br>
+
<br>
<img src="img/comm-filter.PNG" class="rounded mx-auto d-block" width="70%">
<br>
+
+ <p class="lead text-justify">
+ Commerical respiratory filters are made from these materials......
+ </p>
+
<br>
<img src="img/filter-open.PNG" class="rounded mx-auto d-block" width="40%">
<br>
- <h4 class='text-sm-center'>Proposed Workflow for Filter Media Production:</h4>
- <img src="img/filter-es-production.PNG" class="rounded mx-auto d-block" width="90%">
- <br>
+
+ <p class="lead text-justify">
+ Specific design goals metrics are listed below.... These are based on ....
+ </p>
+
<hr>
<h2>B. Process: Electrospinning</h2>
<br>
+
<p class="lead text-justify">
- The Electrospinning process is based on the electrohydrodynamics phenomenon, where a material
- substrate loaded within a syringe with a charged needle tip attached to it and pointing towards
- a grounded collector, is extruded and subsequenlly stretched using a high volatage potential.
- Assuming that the material substrate is viscoelastic enoough and as soon as the electrostatic stresses
- overcome the surface tension of the material, fibers in a chaotic motion are deposited on the collector.
+ To adress a possible outage of commercial respiratory filters due ot the CVD pandemic, we propose the
+ design of machines for the production of nonwoven fibrous
+ membranes made from inorgancic polymer composites with the electrospinning process. Electrospun
+ membranes can be employed as antiviral filter respiratory media
+ in protective equipment against the CVD-19 virus. The benefits of electrospun membranes over
+ conventional filter media media are:......
+ The electrospinning process is simple... The challenge is throughput...
+ but is solvable... explain why...
+ </p>
+
+ <img src="img/filter-es-production.PNG" class="rounded mx-auto d-block" width="90%">
+ <br>
+ <p class="lead text-justify">
+ The electrospinning process is based on the electrohydrodynamics phenomenon, where a material
+ substrate loaded within a syringe with a charged needle tip attached to it and pointing towards
+ a grounded collector, is extruded and subsequenlly stretched using a high volatage potential.
+ Assuming that the material substrate is viscoelastic enoough and as soon as the electrostatic
+ stresses
+ overcome the surface tension of the material, fibers in a chaotic motion are deposited on the
+ collector.
The fiber formation mechanism is shown in the video below:
</p>
-
+
<video width="800" height="600" style="display:block; margin: 0 auto;" controls>
<source src="img/electrospinning-amazing-video-smaller.mp4" type="video/mp4">
</video>
@@ -124,40 +148,69 @@
<p class="lead text-justify">
The two main types of electrospinning process are: a) solution electrospinning (SES) and b) melt
- electrospinning (MES). This classification is based on the material form used for processing; with SES using
- a polymer solution (pellets/powder mixed with solvent) and MES using pure polymer melt without any chemical solvents.
- The 3 main common system components for both process types are: a) the extrusion device that can be either
- mechanical using a syringe pump or pneumatic, b) a high-voltage power supply and c) a collector that in
+ electrospinning (MES). This classification is based on the material form used for processing; with
+ SES using
+ a polymer solution (pellets/powder mixed with solvent) and MES using pure polymer melt without any
+ chemical solvents.
+ The 3 main common system components for both process types are: a) the extrusion device that can be
+ either
+ mechanical using a syringe pump or pneumatic, b) a high-voltage power supply and c) a collector that
+ in
the most basic setup is a flat grounded aluminum plate.
</p>
<br>
<img src="img/ses-vs-mes.PNG" class="rounded mx-auto d-block" width="80%">
<br>
+
<p class="lead text-justify">
- Different types of nozzles and collectors assembled either in a horizontal or vertical configuarations have been
- reported in the literature leading to different types of electrospinning processes. Each electrospinning process
+ Different types of nozzles and collectors assembled either in a horizontal or vertical
+ configuarations have been
+ reported in the literature leading to different types of electrospinning processes. Each
+ electrospinning process
has advantages and disadvantages depending on the application.
</p>
<hr>
- <h2>C. What is the best type of electrospinning process for rapid diy breathing filter media production?
+ <h2>C. Which is the most suitable type of electrospinning process for repsiratory folter media production?
</h2>
+ <p class="lead text-justify">
+ ENM can be potentially employed to filter a variety of pollutants. ENM can capture PM due to a
+ combination of small diameter,
+ small pore size and high specific surface area. Moreover, the surface of ENM can be functionalized
+ to adsorb different VOCs.
+ Electrospun nanofibres can also be engineered to reduce the pressure drop which is immensely
+ desirable for respiratory filter media.
+ Carefully engineered ENMs can simultaneously extract harmful aerosols and gases from the air with
+ minimum air resistance.
+ This hypothesis is tested in various experiments involving different approaches, viz. beaded
+ nanofibres, bilayer nanofibres, use of
+ specific additives, and surface modification of electrospun nanofibres. This research is aimed at
+ studying ENM as a protective material
+ against different air pollutants while minimising breathing resistance in respiratory applications
+ with the following objectives:
+ [1] To reduce pressure drop (air resistance) across the ENM while maximising PM filtration
+ efficiency;
+ </p>
+
<p class="lead text-justify">
- high-throughput<br>
- - multiple nozzles<br>
- - rolling collector<br>
+ - multiple nozzles<br>
+ - rolling collector<br>
- polymer solution for functionalization<br>
- - hydrophobicity<br>
- - anti-viral material<br>
+ - hydrophobicity<br>
+ - anti-viral material<br>
- fast cheap assembly<br>
</p>
<p class="lead text-justify">
- Below in Section "D" we propose 3 different types of electrospinning machines of varying complexity and capabilities staring
- from the simplest one that can be made with off-the0shelf components that might be laying around in a hospital, moving to a
- simple design that reducing the cost, is parallelizable and can be made in a fab lab using a laser cutter and a 3D printer and
+ Below in Section "D" we propose 3 different types of electrospinning machines of varying complexity
+ and capabilities staring
+ from the simplest one that can be made with off-the0shelf components that might be laying around in
+ a hospital, moving to a
+ simple design that reducing the cost, is parallelizable and can be made in a fab lab using a laser
+ cutter and a 3D printer and
resulting to a slightly more advanced for increaed throughput.
</p>
@@ -210,8 +263,6 @@
<h2 class="text-sm-center" id="fabes4">FAB-ES Machine #4</h2>
<h4 class="text-sm-center" id="fabes4">Roll-to-Roll Blowing Electrospinning</h4>
-
-
</div>
</div>
</div>